EPICHLOROHYDRIN

UN Number: 2023 - CAS Number: 106-89-8

Also known as: 1-CHLORO-2,3-EPOXYPROPANE, 3-CHLORO-1,2-EPOXYPROPANE, 2-(CHLOROMETHYL)-OXIRANE, CHLOROMETHYLOXIRANE, CHLOROPROPYLENE OXIDE, 1,2-Epoxy-3-Chloropropane, 2-(Chloromethyl)Oxirane, 3-Chloro-1,2-Propylene Oxide, Alpha-Epichlorohydrin, Ech, Epichlorohydrine, Epichlorohydrin, Epichlorhydrine, α-Epichlorohydrin

Information on chemical

External resources

CAMEO Chemical Database
WISER Substance List

Description

UN number	2023
CAS number	106-89-8
Formula	C₃H₅ClO

Physical chemical data

Physical State (20°C)

Liquid

Physical State (25°C)

Liquid

Density (kg/m3)

1180 [Kg/m³] at a temperature of 20°C

Kinematic viscosity (cSt)

0.87 [cSt] at a temperature of 20°C

0.91 [cSt] at a temperature of 25°C

Molar mass (g/mol)

92.53

Density of gas (kg/m3)

4.244

Solubility (g/L)

64000 [g/L] at a temperature of 20°C and salinity of 0‰

65900 [g/L] at a temperature of 25°C and salinity of 0‰

Boiling Point (°C)

115.4

Melting Point (°C)

-48

Critical molar volume (m³/mol)

0.000168

Surface tension (mN/m)

37 [mN/m] at a temperature of 20°C

36.36 [mN/m] at a temperature of 25°C

Vapour Pressure (Pa)

1730 [Pa] at a temperature of 20°C

2200 [Pa] at a temperature of 25°C

Ignition Temperature (°C)

416

Flash Point (°C)

Flash Point (Pensky-Martens closed cup) (°C)

Flash Point (Cleveland open cup) (°C)

37.8

Lower explosivity limit (LEL) (volume %)

3.8

Upper explosivity limit (UEL) (volume %)

Vapor enthalpy (J/Kg)

410000 [J/Kg] at a temperature of 115°C

Combus enthalpy (J/Kg)

17700000

Specific heat capacity (J/(Kg·K))

1422

Combustion efficiency (%)

Mass flow rate of the combustion surface (Kg/(m²·s))

0.04

Rad fraction (%)

Henry's constant (mol/(m³·Pa))

2.8

Behaviour at sea

Log kow	0.26
Log koc	1.85
Aqueous photolysis (Half-life)	Not photolysable
Biodegradation in estuary environment (Half-life) (days)	Not hydrolysable
Biodegradation in marine environment (Half-life) (days)	Not biodegradable
Bioconcentration factor (BCF)	0.66

Additional data

Colour

colourless

Odour

sweet, garlic odour

MARPOL pollution category

Category	Description
Y	Noxious Liquid Substances which, if discharged into the sea from tank cleaning or deballasting operations, are deemed to present a hazard to either marine resources or human health or cause harm to amenities or other legitimate uses of the sea and therefore justify a limitation on the quality and quantity of the discharge into the marine environment.

Transportation data

Package group	II
Cargo group	17
State	liquid
Temperature (°C)	ambient
Pressure (Pa)	under pressure
Family name	epichlorohydrin
IMO class	6.1

Reactivity data

Water	Yes
Acid(s)	Yes
Base(s)	Yes
Oxidizing agents	Yes
Notable risks	Violent reactions. On combustion, forms toxic and corrosive fumes.

GESAMP Hazard profile

Bioaccumulation in logPow (A1A)	0 - e <1, or > ca.7, or Mol. Wt. > 1000
Bioaccumulation in BCF (A1B)	0 - No measurable BCF
Bioaccumulation (A1)	0 - No potential to bioaccumulate
Biodegradation (A2)	R - Readily biodegradable
Acute aquatic toxicity (B1) (LC/EC/IC50 (mg/l))	2 - Slightly toxic
Acute mammalian toxicity by swallowing (C1) (LD50 (mg/kg))	2 - Moderate
Acute mammalian toxicity by skin penetration (C2) (LD50 (mg/kg))	2 - Moderate
Acute mammalian toxicity by inhalation (C3) (LC50 (mg/l))	3 - Moderately high
Skin irritation/corrosivity (D1)	3A - Corrosive
Eye irritation/corrosivity (D2)	3 - Severely irritating, with irreversible corneal injury
Interference with coastal amenities (E2)	D - Dissolver
Effects on wildlife and bottom habitats (E3)	3 - Is highly acutely toxic; and/or is severely irritant or corrosive to skin or eyes; and/or is carcinogenic, mutagenic or reprotoxic; and/or is a floater or persistent floater with associated health effects

Human toxicity threshold

IDHL

250

Hazard statements

Physical

H226	Flammable liquid and vapour.

Health

H301	Toxic if swallowed.
H311	Toxic in contact with skin.
H314	Causes severe skin burns and eye damage.
H317	May cause an allergic skin reaction.
H331	Toxic if inhaled.
H350	May cause cancer.

Precautionary statements

Prevention

P210	Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. No smoking.
P261	Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P280	Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.

Response

P301 + P330 + P331	IF SWALLOWED: rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting.
P303 + P361 + P353	IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower.
P304 + P340	IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P305 + P351 + P338	IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P308 + P313	IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.

Storage

P403 + P233

Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.

Disposal

P501	Dispose of contents/container to ...

ERPG-2 (ppm)

ERPG-3 (ppm)

100

Ecotoxicity

Lowest median lethal concentration (LC50) on algae (mg/l)

24.2

Lowest median lethal concentration (LC50) on crustacean (mg/l)

8.87

Lowest median lethal concentration (LC50) on fishes (mg/l)

0.65

Highest no observed effect concentration (NOEC) on algae (mg/l)

10.7

Assessment factor (AF)

1000 on the Short term

5000 on the Long term

Predicted No Effect Concentration (PNEC) (µg/l)

0.65 [µg/l] on the Short term

0.13 [µg/l] on the Long term

Incident reports

Year	Vessel	Location	Cargo type
1989	Oostzee	German Bight	Package

Emergency Response Guidebook

Guide number: 131P

See the guide or download the emergency response guidebook

At sea emergency guide

Emergency schedule: 6.1-01

TOXIC LIQUIDS, INCLUDING SUBSTANCES WHICH MAY LIQUEFY DURING TRANSPORT, FLAMMABLE, FLASHPOINT 61°C Closed Cup OR BELOW

Emergency procedures

Action

Avoid all sources of ignition (e.g. naked lights, unprotected light bulbs, electric handtools).
Turn ship off-wind.

Spillage on deck

Collect spillage, where practicable, using absorbent material for safe disposal. Wash remainder overboard with copious quantities of water.

Spillage under deck

Provide adequate ventilation. Collect spillage, where practicable, using absorbent material, for safe disposal.

Fire on deck

Use water spray. Do NOT use water jet. If possible remove receptacles likely to be involved or keep them cool with copious quantities of water.

Fire under deck

Batten down; use ship's fixed fire-fighting installation. Otherwise adopt action as for "On deck".

Special equipment to be carried

Protective clothing (gloves, boots, coveralls, headgear).
Self-contained breathing apparatus.
Spray nozzles.

Remarks by UN no.

HYDROGEN CYANIDE, stabilized, containing less than 3% water (UN No. 1051).
Spillage may be gaseous.

NICKEL CARBONYL (UN No. 1259)
Possible self-ignition at high ambient temperatures.

CHLORODINITROBENZENES, LIQUID or SOLID (UN No. 1577)
DINITROBENZENES, LIQUID (UN No. 1597)
DINITROTOLUENES, MOLTEN (UN No. 1600)
In fire, explosion hazard.

HYDROGEN CYANIDE, STABILIZED, containing less than 3% water and
absorbed in a porous inert material.
Spillage may be gaseous.

IRON PENTACARBONYL (UN No. 1994)
Possible self-ignition at high ambient temperatures.

DINITROTOLUENES, LIQUID (UN No. 2038)
In fire, explosion hazard.

TRIMETHYLACETYL CHLORIDE (UN No. 2438)
Water-reactive; use water from as far away as practicable.

Decision trees

Corrosive Flammable Flammable liquid Toxic

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graph TB;f45b10b56fed469dae7dc8290714caff("Toxic substances");click f45b10b56fed469dae7dc8290714caff window.callbackNodeClikFunction "Toxic substances";

graph TB;5a225335574f4bb484e98878cf167847("Corrosive substances");click 5a225335574f4bb484e98878cf167847 window.callbackNodeClikFunction "Corrosive substances";

No decision trees available

No additional data