FORMIC ACID

UN Number: 1779 - CAS Number: 64-18-6

Also known as: ACIDE FORMIQUE, Methanoic Acid, Formilic Acid, Aminic Acid, Formic Acid

Information on chemical

External resources

CAMEO Chemical Database
WISER Substance List

Description

UN number	1779
CAS number	64-18-6
Formula	CH₂O₂

Physical chemical data

Physical State (20°C)

Liquid

Physical State (25°C)

Liquid

Density (kg/m3)

1220 [Kg/m³] at a temperature of 20°C

Kinematic viscosity (cSt)

1.3172 [cSt] at a temperature of 25°C

Molar mass (g/mol)

46.03

Density of gas (kg/m3)

2.051

Solubility (g/L)

1000000 [g/L] at a temperature of 25°C and salinity of 0‰

Boiling Point (°C)

101

Melting Point (°C)

8.3

Critical temperature (°C)

588

Surface tension (mN/m)

34.38 [mN/m] at a temperature of 25°C

Interfacial tension (mN/m)

1.32 [mN/m] at a temperature of 25°C and salinity of 0‰

Vapour Pressure (Pa)

4399 [Pa] at a temperature of 20°C

Ignition Temperature (°C)

600

Flash Point (°C)

Flash Point (Pensky-Martens closed cup) (°C)

Flash Point (Cleveland open cup) (°C)

Lower explosivity limit (LEL) (volume %)

Upper explosivity limit (UEL) (volume %)

Vapor enthalpy (J/Kg)

492982 [J/Kg] at a temperature of 101°C

436710 [J/Kg] at a temperature of 25°C

Combus enthalpy (J/Kg)

5531656

Specific heat capacity (J/(Kg·K))

2151

Henry's constant (mol/(m³·Pa))

0.017

Behaviour at sea

Log kow	-0.22
Log koc	0
Aqueous photolysis (Half-life)	Not photolysable
Biodegradation in estuary environment (Half-life) (days)	Not hydrolysable
Bioconcentration factor (BCF)	3.2

Additional data

Colour

colourless

Odour

penetrating odour

MARPOL pollution category

Category	Description
Y	Noxious Liquid Substances which, if discharged into the sea from tank cleaning or deballasting operations, are deemed to present a hazard to either marine resources or human health or cause harm to amenities or other legitimate uses of the sea and therefore justify a limitation on the quality and quantity of the discharge into the marine environment.

Transportation data

Transport mode	Bulk,Packaged
Package group	II
State	liquid
Temperature (°C)	ambient
Pressure (Pa)	under pressure
Family name	organic acids

Reactivity data

Abilities	Miscible in water.
Acid(s)	Yes
Base(s)	Yes
Oxidizing agents	Yes
Organic substance	Yes

GESAMP Hazard profile

Bioaccumulation in logPow (A1A)	0 - e <1, or > ca.7, or Mol. Wt. > 1000
Bioaccumulation (A1)	0 - No potential to bioaccumulate
Biodegradation (A2)	R - Readily biodegradable
Acute aquatic toxicity (B1) (LC/EC/IC50 (mg/l))	2 - Slightly toxic
Acute mammalian toxicity by swallowing (C1) (LD50 (mg/kg))	1 - Slight
Acute mammalian toxicity by skin penetration (C2) (LD50 (mg/kg))	1 - Slight
Acute mammalian toxicity by inhalation (C3) (LC50 (mg/l))	2 - Moderate
Skin irritation/corrosivity (D1)	3C - Corrosive
Eye irritation/corrosivity (D2)	3 - Severely irritating, with irreversible corneal injury
Interference with coastal amenities (E2)	D - Dissolver
Effects on wildlife and bottom habitats (E3)	3 - Is highly acutely toxic; and/or is severely irritant or corrosive to skin or eyes; and/or is carcinogenic, mutagenic or reprotoxic; and/or is a floater or persistent floater with associated health effects

Human toxicity threshold

IDHL

Hazard statements

Physical

H226	Flammable liquid and vapour.

Health

H302	Harmful if swallowed.
H314	Causes severe skin burns and eye damage.
H331	Toxic if inhaled.

Precautionary statements

Prevention

P210	Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. No smoking.
P280	Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.

Response

P303 + P361 + P353	IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower.
P305 + P351 + P338	IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.

TEEL-1 (mg/m3)

0.92 ppm

TEEL-2 (mg/m3)

0.92 ppm

TEEL-3 (mg/m3)

30 ppm

Ecotoxicity

Lowest median lethal concentration (LC50) on crustacean (mg/l)

Lowest median lethal concentration (LC50) on fishes (mg/l)

Assessment factor (AF)

500 on the Short term

Predicted No Effect Concentration (PNEC) (µg/l)

200 [µg/l] on the Short term

Incident reports

No incident reports available

Emergency Response Guidebook

Guide number: 153

See the guide or download the emergency response guidebook

At sea emergency guide

Emergency schedule: 8-05

CORROSIVE SUBSTANCES, COMBUSTIBLE.

Emergency procedures

Spillage on deck

Wash overboard with copious quantities of water.

Spillage under deck

Collect spillage, where practicable, using absorbent material for liquids, for safe disposal.

Fire on deck

Use water spray.

Fire under deck

Batten down; use ship's fixed fire-fighting installation. Otherwise adopt action as for "On deck".

Special equipment to be carried

Protective clothing (gloves, boots, coveralls, headgear).
Self-contained breathing apparatus.
Spray nozzles.

Remarks by UN no.

FORMIC ACID (UN No. 1779)
THIOGLYCOLIC ACID (UN No. 1940)
BOMBS, SMOKE, NON-EXPLOSIVE (UN No. 2028)
N,N-DIMETHYLCARBAMOYL CHLORIDE (UN No. 2262)
DICYCLOHEXYLAMINE (UN No. 2565)
Turn ship off-wind.

Decision trees

Corrosive Flammable Toxic

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graph TB;f45b10b56fed469dae7dc8290714caff("Toxic substances");click f45b10b56fed469dae7dc8290714caff window.callbackNodeClikFunction "Toxic substances";

graph TB;5a225335574f4bb484e98878cf167847("Corrosive substances");click 5a225335574f4bb484e98878cf167847 window.callbackNodeClikFunction "Corrosive substances";

No decision trees available

No additional data