n-PENTANE

UN Number: 1265 - CAS Number: 109-66-0

Also known as: N-Pentane, Pentane

Information on chemical

External resources

CAMEO Chemical Database
WISER Substance List

Description

UN number	1265
CAS number	109-66-0
Formula	C₅H₁₂

Physical chemical data

Physical State (20°C)

Liquid

Physical State (25°C)

Liquid

Density (kg/m3)

626 [Kg/m³] at a temperature of 20°C

                                                                
                                                                    642.9 [Kg/m³]
                                                                    at a temperature of
                                                                    5°C

                                                                
                                                                    638.4 [Kg/m³]
                                                                    at a temperature of
                                                                    10°C

                                                                
                                                                    627.8 [Kg/m³]
                                                                    at a temperature of
                                                                    20°C

Kinematic viscosity (cSt)

0.35771 [cSt] at a temperature of 25°C

                                                                
                                                                    13377 [cSt]
                                                                    at a temperature of
                                                                    5°C

                                                                
                                                                    1.3315 [cSt]
                                                                    at a temperature of
                                                                    10°C

                                                                
                                                                    0.98758 [cSt]
                                                                    at a temperature of
                                                                    20°C

Molar mass (g/mol)

72.15

Density of gas (kg/m3)

3.211

Solubility (g/L)

38 [g/L] at a temperature of 25°C and salinity of 0‰

28 [g/L] at a temperature of 25°C and salinity of 35‰

                                                                
                                                                    37 [g/L]
                                                                    at a temperature of
                                                                    20°C
                                                                    and salinity of
                                                                    0‰
                                                                
                                                            

                                                                
                                                                    38 [g/L]
                                                                    at a temperature of
                                                                    20°C
                                                                    and salinity of
                                                                    5‰
                                                                
                                                            

                                                                
                                                                    27 [g/L]
                                                                    at a temperature of
                                                                    20°C
                                                                    and salinity of
                                                                    30‰
                                                                
                                                            

Boiling Point (°C)

36.3

Melting Point (°C)

-130

Critical molar volume (m³/mol)

0.000311

Critical temperature (°C)

469.7

Critical pressure (Pa)

3370000

Surface tension (mN/m)

16 [mN/m] at a temperature of 20°C

15.49 [mN/m] at a temperature of 25°C

                                                                
                                                                    17.55 [mN/m]
                                                                    at a temperature of
                                                                    5.1°C

                                                                
                                                                    16.77 [mN/m]
                                                                    at a temperature of
                                                                    10.2°C

                                                                
                                                                    16.43 [mN/m]
                                                                    at a temperature of
                                                                    16.43°C

Vapour Pressure (Pa)

533320 [Pa] at a temperature of 20°C

Ignition Temperature (°C)

285

Flash Point (°C)

-20

Flash Point (Pensky-Martens closed cup) (°C)

-49

Lower explosivity limit (LEL) (volume %)

1.4

Upper explosivity limit (UEL) (volume %)

8.5

Vapor enthalpy (J/Kg)

357455 [J/Kg] at a temperature of 30.06°C

366190 [J/Kg] at a temperature of 25°C

Combus enthalpy (J/Kg)

48635463

Specific heat capacity (J/(Kg·K))

2317

Henry's constant (mol/(m³·Pa))

12800

Behaviour at sea

Log kow	3.64
Log koc	1.86
Aqueous photolysis (Half-life)	Not photolysable
Biodegradation in estuary environment (Half-life) (days)	Not hydrolysable
Bioconcentration factor (BCF)	80

Additional data

Colour

colourless

Odour

gasoline odour

MARPOL pollution category

Category	Description
Y	Noxious Liquid Substances which, if discharged into the sea from tank cleaning or deballasting operations, are deemed to present a hazard to either marine resources or human health or cause harm to amenities or other legitimate uses of the sea and therefore justify a limitation on the quality and quantity of the discharge into the marine environment.

Transportation data

Transport mode	Bulk,Packaged
Package group	II
Cargo group	31
State	liquid
Temperature (°C)	ambient
Pressure (Pa)	ambient
Family name	paraffins
IMO class	3.1

Reactivity data

Water	No
Static electricity	Yes

GESAMP Hazard profile

Bioaccumulation in logPow (A1A)	3 - ≥3 and <4
Bioaccumulation (A1)	3 - Moderate potential to bioaccumulate
Biodegradation (A2)	R - Readily biodegradable
Acute aquatic toxicity (B1) (LC/EC/IC50 (mg/l))	3 - Moderately toxic
Acute mammalian toxicity by swallowing (C1) (LD50 (mg/kg))	0 - Negligible
Acute mammalian toxicity by skin penetration (C2) (LD50 (mg/kg))	0 - Negligible
Acute mammalian toxicity by inhalation (C3) (LC50 (mg/l))	0 - Negligible
Skin irritation/corrosivity (D1)	2 - Irritating
Eye irritation/corrosivity (D2)	1 - Mildly irritating
Interference with coastal amenities (E2)	E - Evaporator
Effects on wildlife and bottom habitats (E3)	2 - Is a persistent floater; and/or is moderately acutely toxic; and/or is irritating to skin and/or eyes; and/or has long-term health effects other than carcinogenicity, mutagenicity or reprotoxicity; and/or is highly flammable; and/or is flammable and is a floater with evaporative properties

Human toxicity threshold

IDHL

15000

Hazard statements

Physical

H224	Extremely flammable liquid and vapour.

Health

H304	May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways.
H336	May cause drowsiness or dizziness.

Environmental

H411	Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects.

Precautionary statements

Prevention

P210	Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. No smoking.
P233	Keep container tightly closed.
P240	Ground/bond container and receiving equipment.
P241	Use explosion-proof electrical/ventilating/lighting/.../equipment.
P242	Use only non-sparking tools.
P243	Take precautionary measures against static discharge.
P261	Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P271	Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
P273	Avoid release to the environment.
P280	Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.

Response

P301 + P310	IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P303 + P361 + P353	IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower.
P304 + P340	IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P312	Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P331	Do NOT induce vomiting.
P370 + P378	In case of fire: Use ... for extinction.
P391	Collect spillage.

Storage

P403 + P233	Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
P403 + P235	Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool.
P405	Store locked up.

Disposal

P501	Dispose of contents/container to ...

TLV-TWA

600

TEEL-1 (mg/m3)

610 ppm

TEEL-2 (mg/m3)

610 ppm

TEEL-3 (mg/m3)

1500 ppm

Ecotoxicity

Lowest median lethal concentration (LC50) on crustacean (mg/l)

1.19

Highest no observed effect concentration (NOEC) on algae (mg/l)

4.549

Assessment factor (AF)

100 on the Short term

Predicted No Effect Concentration (PNEC) (µg/l)

27 [µg/l] on the Short term

Incident reports

No incident reports available

Emergency Response Guidebook

Guide number: 128

See the guide or download the emergency response guidebook

At sea emergency guide

Emergency schedule: 3-07

1 CLASS 3.1
FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS, FLASHPOINT BELOW -18°C Closed Cup; NOT COVERED BY OTHER SCHEDULES; IMMISCIBLE WITH WATER.
2 CLASS 3.2
FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS, FLASHPOINT BETWEEN -18°C AND 23°C Closed Cup; NOT COVERED BY OTHER SCHEDULES; IMMISCIBLE WITH WATER.
3 CLASS 3.3
FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS, FLASHPOINT BETWEEN 23°C AND 61°C Closed Cup; NOT COVERED BY OTHER SCHEDULES; IMMISCIBLE WITH WATER.

Emergency procedures

Action

Avoid all sources of ignition (e.g. naked lights, unprotected light bulbs, electric handtools).

Spillage on deck

Wash spillage overboard with copious quantities of water.

Spillage under deck

Provide adequate ventilation. Collect spillage, where practicable, using absorbent material, for safe disposal.

Fire on deck

Use water spray, foam or dry chemical. Do NOT use water jet. If possible remove receptacles likely to be involved or keep them cool with copious quantities of water.

Fire under deck

Batten down; use ship's fixed fire-fighting installation. Otherwise adopt action as for "On deck".

Special equipment to be carried

Protective gloves and boots.
Self-contained breathing apparatus.
Spray nozzles.

Remarks by UN no.

2-ETHYLBUTYL ACETATE (UN No. 1177)
Self-contained breathing apparatus not necessary - use goggles for eye protection.

ISOPROPYL NITRATE (UN No. 1222)
In fire, explosion hazard.

PINE OIL (UN No. 1272)
Self-contained breathing apparatus not necessary - use goggles for eye protection.

ZIRCONIUM SUSPENDED IN A FLAMMABLE LIQUID (UN No. 1308)
Spillage is liable to self-ignition. Use water spray from as many hoses as possible from as far away as practicable.

normal-PROPYL NITRATE (UN No. 1865)
In fire, explosion hazard.

CYCLOPENTANOL (UN No. 2244)
normal-UNDECANE (UN No. 2330)
Self-contained breathing apparatus not necessary - use goggles for eye protection.

3-BROMOPROPYNE (UN No. 2345)
In fire, explosion hazard. Fight fire from a protected position.

TETRAMETHYLSILANE (UN No. 2749)
Possible self-ignition at ambient temperatures.

ELEVATED TEMPERATURE LIQUID, FLAMMABLE, N.O.S. (UN No. 3256), with
flashpoint above 61°C c.c., at or above its flashpoint .
Spilled liquid may be very hot and remain above its flashpoint for some time after spillage.

Decision trees

Flammable

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No decision trees available

No additional data